Saturday, February 20, 2010

Acid _ Base Equilibrium

What is a buffer? Explain how a buffer functions.

4 comments:

  1. A buffer is a solution that contains a weak base and its conjugate acid or a weak acid and its conjugate base. When attempting to alter the pH of the solution,i.e. decrease or increase the value, a strong acid or base is often added. However, the buffer has the ability to resist the pH change because either the H+ ion with a weak acid will react only with the OH- produced from the strong base, neutralizing the solution slightly.

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  2. Buffers are when a weak conjugate acid-base pair can keep from changing its pH by adding a small amounts of Strong Acids or Strong Bases. The way buffers work is when both an acid is present to neutralize the OH ions and a base is present to neutralize the H ions.

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  3. A buffer is a mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base. (Ex. HC2H3O2 + NaCl --> Na+ + C2H3O2-). Acetic Acid is the weak acid and the Acetate Ion is its conjugate base.Buffer solutions act as neutralizing agents that contain both positive and negative ions of a weak acid. Thus, if a base such as NaOH is added to the solution, the positive H+ ions will react with the negative (OH-) ions to neutralize the solution. Similarly, if an acid is added to the buffer, the negative ions (such as OH- or C2H3O2-) will react with the hydronium ions to neutralize the solution.

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  4. A buffer solution is an aqueous solution consisting of a mixture of a weak acid and its conjugate base, or a weak base and its conjugate acid. The solution has the property of maintaining its original pH if a strong acid or base is added to it. If the pH does change it will in only a miniscule value. Many physical examples can applied to buffer characteristics, such as blood.

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